Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.There is a lot of information in our FAQ, like lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra and swimwear brands, clothing brands, style ideas and websites to order from.A lot of other frequently asked questions have also already been answered there, so make sure to see if you can find …Panache and sub-brands, Freya, Elomi, Fantasie, Bravissimo, Ewa Michalak, Goddess, and Curvy Kate are just a handful of brands that make bras in larger sizes (up to a UK K US O) and that a lot of people find to be attractive, cute, and/or sexy. For reference my current measurements put me in the UK 36M/MM range. Reply.I hate my saggy boobs. I hate my saggy boobs. Like genuinely hate them. I always had perfect boobs in high school. Big and round and perky! They were my identifier. Now I'm only 23 and my nipples point downward and I can literally hold my breasts up just by grabbing the extra skin. I can't wear any bras that make them look good and lifted ...Alternatives to Reddit, Stumbleupon and Digg include sites like Slashdot, Delicious, Tumblr and 4chan, which provide access to user-generated content. These sites all offer their u...One of the things I hate most is that I cannot complain to people about my big boob problems... cause I always get the "you should be happy with your nice size... or it is so sexy". I get horrible swollen (almost a cup size bigger) boobs when I'm pmsing. ... Reddit . reReddit: Top posts of May 23, 2018.Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Members Online Frustrated at big boob bra stores, need a ventAnyone here actually like their boobs?..There are pros and cons to everything and there are pros of having big boobs..I’m a 36G and I love my boobs..I Cldnt even picture myself without them. •Approach your boobs with positivity and notice how the cons slowly become insignificant. 68. 37 Share. Sort by:Weird encounter at new school. So, I just had my first day at a new school. I was minding my own business when this girl came up to me out of nowhere and asked me what type of bra I wear. It caught me off guard but I answered her question. Then she proceeds to tell me that my boobs are "looking too big" and suggests I wear a tight sports bra to ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...157K subscribers in the bigboobproblems community. Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit…Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.There is a lot of information in our FAQ, like lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra and swimwear brands, clothing brands, style ideas and websites to order from.A lot of other frequently asked questions have also already been answered there, so make sure to see if you can find …r / bigboobproblems: Отворете се в тази общност без съждения, която насърчава дискусията в безопасна среда. Boobit съществува за всички хора с големи проблеми с гърдите, независимо дали са жени, мъже, небинарни или друг пол.r/bigboobproblems Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender.I'm too young to have this much boob droop and I loathe my body because of it. I'm only 19 (almost 20) and my boobs are drooping so much it's interfering severely with my self-esteem. If I don't wear a bra, they look like the balloons from my 9th birthday party that I wanted to keep forever but couldn't because they deflated so quickly.2/30. 'Seat belts slip and choke you out'. @pokekenz. 3. The struggle of sleeping with big boobs. 3/30. 'Boobs are just another set of arms while trying to sleep'. @DesousaCameron. 4. Swimwear can be tricky to navigate. I can recommend a book called Invisible Women. Basically all about how the world is designed for men. Massage tables isn't specifically in there, but it explains how women suffer and sometimes even die because things like medication, cars, work clothes, buildings, and even city infrastructure is designed mostly for men. Sometime my bra shocks other people because it is very large. It doesn't look large when I am wearing it. They take up more space than my other clothes. I definitely feel the way you do. In all reality my breasts are "average" at a 32G (US) size and I only have some of the issues most ladies have on here. When I first got bras at 11, I was already in the same size as my mom. In terms of volume, I had outgrown everyone in my family, including aunts, cousins, grandmothers, etc, by the time I was 13 or so. It would have been much earlier if you were just going by cup size and if I had been in the right size. 3. Reply. Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra, swimwear and clothing brands, clothing style ideas, websites where you can order from and a list of influencers who ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems. If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide. Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ. For example ...Big boob problems. Archived post. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Gorgeous!! 80 votes, 10 comments. 302K subscribers in the underboob community. Effective Feb 15, 2023, all posts in r/underboob are required to be from a….My understanding from reading r/reduction is the requirements can really vary from insurance to insurance. Some don't cover breast reductions ever. So you need to do research into what your insurance's requirements are. It comes down to the medical necessity criteria for your insurance.Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Need to vent about going braless with big boobs…. I’m a 36DDD and I haven’t worn bras since I was 16 (I’m 26 now). They’ve just never been ...150 votes, 18 comments. 156K subscribers in the bigboobproblems community. Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe…Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. MembersOnline. •. nausicaa518. MOD. Bullied for Having Big Boobs. experience. I was born and raised in an Asian country where big boobs are not the norm. When I was in a co-ed high school, My girl friends would make fun of my big boobs ...One night I was making cookies and made a big mess. I cleaned up and changed into my nightgown (sans bra). When I went into the kitchen I noticed that I had left the kitchen aid mixer plugged in and set up. As I leaned over the mixer to reach behind it to unplug it, my right boob fell into the bowl.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...r / bigboobproblems: Отворете се в тази общност без съждения, която насърчава дискусията в безопасна среда. Boobit съществува за всички хора с големи проблеми с гърдите, независимо дали са жени, мъже, небинарни или друг пол.This is Big Boob Problems, though, and I think it has a different atmosphere and a potentially slightly different community. I don't see why you're so vehemently opposed to a different subreddit with a different mandate - worst thing that could happen is it will get no traffic and people won't participate.r/bigboobproblems Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender.Breasts sag with age, Not directly. How much your breasts sag is affected by genetics, size (both breast size and overall body size), any major changes to size (such as large weight gain/loss), or hormonal changes (such as pregnancy and menopause). Age itself isn't directly linked to sagging. It's an indirect link because as you age you are ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...People love all sorts of things, hate all sorts of things. Big boobs are sought after and voluptuous, small boobs are cute and versitile bc they can fit in lots of clothes. All that matters is what you think, and you'll attract a circle who loves all of you. What's concerning though, is the fact that she's 13! Very skinny with big boobs. I am very skinny but my breasts are large for my body. It makes me very insecure, I look bad in pictures, I feel like people are always staring at them...etc I tried exercising daily and nothing happened, I stopped eating breakfast and dinner for a month and nothing changed. After doing a lot of research, I think it ... Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Members Online "hiding the big boobs" outfit that doesn't make me look fat or suffocating ️ yup so much better than polo shirt lmaoCalling out a certain subreddit for small boobs. experience. I'm not talking about small boob problems, I'm talking about the current one that I'm not going to name. I had pretty big boobs and I recently had a reduction, went from 32F to 32B. Before I used to post on this sub but I changed to the other sub after the surgery and I'm just ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For … Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Members Online I (19F) got told that I wasn’t a respectful woman by my mother because I chose to go to the laundry room without wearing a bra. Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems. If you're new here please check out the r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ. For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra, swimwear and clothing brands, clothing style ideas, websites ...InvestorPlace - Stock Market News, Stock Advice & Trading Tips If you think Reddit is only a social media network, you’ve missed one of... InvestorPlace - Stock Market N...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...r/bigboobproblems. • 5 days ago. forevertryingmybest. ADMIN MOD. I think I've finally had a win!! clothes. I've been stressing for two whole years about finding a functional prom dress that didn't look like it was made for a sad beige old lady. I went last year just for fun, and the dress I wore just… wasn't great.Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Before and after breast reduction! I feel amazing. Congrats! you look great (and much more comfortable) hope your recovery goes smoothly :) now...GO BUY ALL THE CUTE BRAS!!If there are legit teenagers with my condition my heart goes out to them. It's even more insulting when the creeps are literally use words from my posts about my own experience while fetishizing this condition. Disgusting. I made a list of damn near 20 things that I experience on a daily basis with my condition and I've openly shared my ...A website’s welcome message should describe what the website offers its visitors. For example, “Reddit’s stories are created by its users.” The welcome message can be either a stat...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For …Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Members Online X-post from r/unitedkingdom: Bras are a basic necessity that should be exempt from VAT, radiographers sayIt can also be because of genetics. It's because of growth hormones in milk and microplastics in your food can leech estrogen mimicking substance in your food which enlarges breasts and can even make a man more feminine. It …Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra, swimwear and clothing brands, clothing style ideas, websites where you can order from and a list of influencers who ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...If you were last sized at a store (measured with a bra on), it's quite likely you may be in the wrong size - either the sales lady put you in the largest size available, or you were measured over your poorly fit bra, which squished your breast tissue, leading to being sized improperly. I also agree, that you're not likely to have been diagnosed ...Boob growth. experience. I’m a cis man with size 38D/DD girls. I’ve had to replace all my male shirts because of natural chest growth over the past 18 months (I’m not on HRT.) Problem is men’s shirts are cut straight down like boxes…if there’s enough room for my boobs, then there’s too much material in the waist area.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Members Online "hiding the big boobs" outfit that doesn't make me look fat or suffocating ️ yup so much better than polo shirt lmaoVent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. They Only Like You Because You Have Huge Boobs. I used to always hear people tell me " oh he just likes you cuz you have big boobs" or "u know, hes only ...Saggy boobs can be genetic and not always age related. Once your cup is above a certain size,some sag is expected. Trust and believe some of the things we think that turn men off, they don't give a damn. Reply. Share. mercurialfemme. • 3 yr. ago.took me a few minutes to realize that it was actually the granola bar I ate earlier. Was going to say, at least you weren’t wearing a lower neck line. Loosing food in the abyss is the worst. Well, at least when we lay down we also may get a table for snacks and media... Big Boob Problems: Party Edition.1K votes, 43 comments. 150K subscribers in the bigboobproblems community. Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe…As long as the media, men's magazines, and porn keep shoving this idea down people's throats that big boobs are the ultimate sexual ideal and measure of femininity, people are going to envy women who have them. Reply. true.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For …It might help to realize that having saggy boobs is normal and common. Every woman has things about their body that they dislike. Boobs too big, boobs too small, butt too flat, hip dips, flabby arms, poochy belly, etc. Even the woman you think has a perfect body can probably name 2 or more things she is insecure about.We recently got some photos back from a family wedding - a few family members are now saying I dressed too slutty for the occasion even though I didn't pick my dress. RANT - advice welcome. 1.1K 251. u/imverybusy.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...r/bigboobproblems. • 5 days ago. forevertryingmybest. ADMIN MOD. I think I've finally had a win!! clothes. I've been stressing for two whole years about finding a functional prom dress that didn't look like it was made for a sad beige old lady. I went last year just for fun, and the dress I wore just… wasn't great.I like that they disguise the fact that I have very broad shoulders for a woman. (And to the same extent, my shoulders help disguise exactly how big my boobs are. Balance. Yay.) I also recently learned that having big boobs gives me a balance advantage whilst doing calisthenic squats.Real estate is often portrayed as a glamorous profession. Real estate agents, clients and colleagues have posted some hilarious stories on Reddit filled with all the juicy details ...I like that they disguise the fact that I have very broad shoulders for a woman. (And to the same extent, my shoulders help disguise exactly how big my boobs are. Balance. Yay.) I also recently learned that having big boobs gives me a balance advantage whilst doing calisthenic squats.bbpsecondary. • 5 yr. ago. In my early 20s because my boobs started growing fast from non to "boob" and when I realized I had to buy D cups (terribly sized) I was like "whoa I got big boobs, awesome!", I always wanted big boobs, but I didn't know boobs could get so big, a few years later as they continued to grow it went from "cool" to ...I've thought about getting a reduction, but I just can't see myself going through with it. The best thing I ever did was get a proper fitting bra. Once I did, the big boob problems didn't go away, but they definitely weren't as bad, and it helped me love my boobs even more.Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Members Online In a 2013 survey on ABraThatFits, almost 2000 women responded and they had 160 different bra sizesIt might help to realize that having saggy boobs is normal and common. Every woman has things about their body that they dislike. Boobs too big, boobs too small, butt too flat, hip dips, flabby arms, poochy belly, etc. Even the woman you think has a perfect body can probably name 2 or more things she is insecure about.I'm too young to have this much boob droop and I loathe my body because of it. I'm only 19 (almost 20) and my boobs are drooping so much it's interfering severely with my self-esteem. If I don't wear a bra, they look like the balloons from my 9th birthday party that I wanted to keep forever but couldn't because they deflated so quickly.Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. Need to vent about going braless with big boobs…. I’m a 36DDD and I haven’t worn bras since I was 16 (I’m 26 now). They’ve just never been ...r/bigboobproblems. Vent in this judgment-free community that encourages discussion in a safe environment. Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. MembersOnline. •.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For …Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. big boobs, but dont look it. I've kinda had this problem since i started getting boobs. i had a size C by the time i was 12, and went up multiple sizes within a year.
Lol 🤣 those must be some huge ass tits in all fairness. I do often wonder how ladies K cup + don’t get frustrated and just generally peed off sometimes. As a 32HH my only issue is never being able to get bras in my size anywhere near me, except on rare occasions. Ok, and finding clothes to fit well can be fun too! . Daisy keech onlyfans porn
ADMIN MOD. Anyone here find that big boobs aren't cool anymore? experience. As a woman in my late 20's, I'm finding that men who truly enjoy big boobs are a bit of a rarity. It seems like butts are the thing, and most men I've met and dated actually prefer small boobs or just don't care about boobs at all.Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. ... Even just on reddit, you have a ton of subreddits dedicated to sexually glorifying women with large (often saggy) breasts. You've got places like GoneWild, GoneWildCurvy, Stacked, BigBoobies, BustyPetite, Boobies, BurstingOut, Cleavage ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems. If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide. Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ. For example ... Unless it’s a general compliment - and there seems to be a handbook out there telling men women like compliments about shoes (I get “I love your shoes” all the time, no matter what shoes I’m wearing) - men shouldn’t make comments about body parts. There are acceptable compliments: “You have fabulous legs” is fine, talking about ... Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...Big boobs are the worst and here are five reasons why. 1. Back problems. My gynecologist told me when I was pregnant the first time that I had very dense breast tissue. I didn't think much about ...How much do you think your boobs weigh?? Lol sometimes I hold mine and try to guess. About 11-12 lb. combined, per this chart which shows approximate volume per breast, then figuring that they're mostly fat which is about 0.9 times the density of water.If she had a C cup, she would have a three inch difference between her ribs and the fullest part of her bust. As "an A or a small B," she has a one inch difference, maybe one and a half or so, as standardized sizing for bras dictates that 1" = A cup, 2" = B cup, 3" = C cup, 4" = D cup. Reply reply. InfinitelyThirsting.Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ...When I first got bras at 11, I was already in the same size as my mom. In terms of volume, I had outgrown everyone in my family, including aunts, cousins, grandmothers, etc, by the time I was 13 or so. It would have been much earlier if you were just going by cup size and if I had been in the right size. 3. Reply.Boobit exists for all people with big boob problems, whether women, men, non-binary, or any other gender. MembersOnline. •. samantha_90. When I see gals like us flaunting it in Instagram... I honestly don't know what to think. My friends show me accounts constantly of very busty women whose whole account is about them showing off their chests ...Hello, thank you for submitting a post to r/bigboobproblems.If you're new here please check out r/abrathatfits and their bra size calculator along with their beginners guide.Also take a look at our sidebar for more related communities, like r/reduction, r/safebigboobproblems and more.. A lot of information can be found in our FAQ.For example lists of commonly recommended bra, sports bra ....